05_material of health
name::
* McsEngl.health'05_matter!⇒mtrlHlth,
* McsEngl.health'att005_matter!⇒mtrlHlth,
* McsEngl.health'bodyMtr!⇒mtrlHlth,
* McsEngl.health'material-body!⇒mtrlHlth,
* McsEngl.health-bodyMtrHmn!⇒mtrlHlth,
* McsEngl.bodyMaterialHealthHuman!⇒mtrlHlth,
* McsEngl.bodyMtrHmnRld.health!⇒mtrlHlth,
* McsEngl.material.health!⇒mtrlHlth,
* McsEngl.mtrlHlth,
description::
· health-material is a-material that affects human-health.
GENERIC-SPECIFIC-TREE of mtrlHlth
name::
* McsEngl.mtrlHlth'generic-specific-tree,
generic-tree-of-mtrlHlth::
* bodyMtr,
specific-tree-of-mtrlHlth::
* nutrient-mtrlHlth,
* nutrientNo-mtrlHlth,
===
* harmfulNo-mtrlHlth,
* harmful-mtrlHlth,
===
* eyeMicro-mtrlHlth,
* eye-mtrlHlth,
===
* internal-mtrlHlth,
* external-mtrlHlth,
===
mtrlHlth.substance
definition::
specific-definition:
· health-substance is any substance-(eye-bodyMtr-shapeNo), nutrient or not, humans CONSUME and affects their health.
===
generic-definition:
· health-substance is any food or drug.
name::
* McsEngl.health'substance,
* McsEngl.health-substance,
GENERIC-SPECIFIC-TREE of substanceHlth
name::
* McsEngl.substanceHlth'generic-specific-tree,
generic-tree-of-health-substance::
* substance,
* material-body,
* body-system,
* body,
* entity,
specific-tree-of-health-substance::
* beneficial--health-substance,
* harmful--health-substance,
===
* food,
* foodNo,
mtrlHlth.harmful
name::
* McsEngl.cptBdyHmnatt010!⇒mtrlHlthHarm,
* McsEngl.mtrlHlthHarm,
* McsEngl.bodyMtrHmnHarm!⇒mtrlHlthHarm,
* McsEngl.harmful-health-bodyMtrHmn!⇒mtrlHlthHarm,
* McsEngl.harmful-health-bodyMtrHmn!⇒mtrlHlthHarm,
description::
· health-material-body, harmfull.
GENERIC-SPECIFIC-TREE of mtrlHlthHarm
name::
* McsEngl.mtrlHlthHarm'generic-specific-tree,
generic-tree-of-mtrlHlthHarm::
* bodyMaterialHealthHuman,
* ... entity,
specific-tree-of-mtrlHlthHarm::
* internal-mtrlHlthHarm,
* external-mtrlHlthHarm,
===
* eyeMicro-mtrlHlthHarm,
* eye-mtrlHlthHarm,
===
* substance-mtrlHlthHarm,
* object-mtrlHlthHarm,
mtrlHlthHarm.internal
name::
* McsEngl.mtrlHlthHarm.002-internal,
* McsEngl.mtrlHlthHarm.internal-002,
* McsEngl.internal-mtrlHlthHarm-002,
description::
·
mtrlHlthHarm.external
name::
* McsEngl.mtrlHlthHarm.001-external,
* McsEngl.mtrlHlthHarm.external-001,
* McsEngl.harmful-external-object,
====== langoGreek:
* McsElln.βλαβερά-εξωτερικά-σώματα-του-οργανισμού,
description::
analytic: κάθε αντικείμενο του περιβάλλοντος του οργανισμού που επιφέρει παθήσεις.
whole-tree-of-::
* bodyHmn,
SPECIFIC
specific-tree-of-::
* sun,
* παθογονοι-μικροοργανισμοι⧺cptEpistem1249⧺,
mtrlHlthHarm.substance
name::
* McsEngl.mtrlHlthHarm.003-substance,
* McsEngl.mtrlHlthHarm.substance-003,
* McsEngl.poison,
description::
· substance-(eye-bodyMtr-shapeNo) harmfulHuman.
===
"In biology, poisons are substances that cause death, injury or harm to organs, usually by chemical reactions or other activity on the molecular scales, when an organism absorbs a sufficient quantity.[1][2]
The fields of medicine (particularly veterinary) and zoology often distinguish a poison from a toxin, and from a venom. Toxins are poisons produced by organisms in nature, and venoms are toxins injected by a bite or sting (this is exclusive to animals). The difference between venom and other poisons is the delivery method"
[{2020-03-02} https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poison]
mtrlHlthHarm.toxin
name::
* McsEngl.mtrlHlthHarm.004-toxin,
* McsEngl.mtrlHlthHarm.toxin-004,
* McsEngl.toxin,
description::
"A toxin is a poisonous substance produced within living cells or organisms;[1][2] synthetic toxicants created by artificial processes are thus excluded. The term was first used by organic chemist Ludwig Brieger (1849–1919),[3] derived from the word toxic.[4]
Toxins can be small molecules, peptides, or proteins that are capable of causing disease on contact with or absorption by body tissues interacting with biological macromolecules such as enzymes or cellular receptors. Toxins vary greatly in their toxicity, ranging from usually minor (such as a bee sting) to almost immediately deadly (such as botulinum toxin)."
[{2020-03-02} https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxin]
mtrlHlthHarm.venom
name::
* McsEngl.mtrlHlthHarm.005-venom,
* McsEngl.mtrlHlthHarm.venom-005,
* McsEngl.venom,
description::
"Venom is a secretion containing one or more toxins produced by an animal.[1] Venom has evolved in a wide variety of animals, both predators and prey, and both vertebrates and invertebrates.
Venoms kill through the action of at least four major classes of toxin, namely necrotoxins and cytotoxins, which kill cells; neurotoxins, which affect nervous systems; and myotoxins, which damage muscles. Biologically, venom is distinguished from poison in that poisons are ingested, while venom is delivered in a bite, sting, or similar action. Venomous animals cause tens of thousands of human deaths per year. However, the toxins in many venoms have potential to treat a wide range of diseases."
[{2020-03-02} https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venom]
mtrlHlthHarm.hazardous-material
name::
* McsEngl.mtrlHlthHarm.006-hazardous,
* McsEngl.mtrlHlthHarm.hazardous-006,
* McsEngl.hazardous-material-006,
description::
"Dangerous goods, abbreviated DG, are substances that when transported are a risk to health, safety, property or the environment. Certain dangerous goods that pose risks even when not being transported are known as hazardous materials (abbreviated as HAZMAT or hazmat).
Hazardous materials are often subject to chemical regulations. Hazmat teams are personnel specially trained to handle dangerous goods, which include materials that are radioactive, flammable, explosive, corrosive, oxidizing, asphyxiating, biohazardous, toxic, pathogenic, or allergenic. Also included are physical conditions such as compressed gases and liquids or hot materials, including all goods containing such materials or chemicals, or may have other characteristics that render them hazardous in specific circumstances.
In the United States, dangerous goods are often indicated by diamond-shaped signage on the item (see NFPA 704), its container, or the building where it is stored. The color of each diamond indicates its hazard, e.g., flammable is indicated with red, because fire and heat are generally of red color, and explosive is indicated with orange, because mixing red (flammable) with yellow (oxidizing agent) creates orange. A nonflammable and nontoxic gas is indicated with green, because all compressed air vessels are this color in France after World War II, and France was where the diamond system of hazmat identification originated."
[{2020-03-02} https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dangerous_goods]
mtrlHlth.harmlfullNo
name::
* McsEngl.mtrlHlth.001-positive,
* McsEngl.mtrlHlth.positive-001,
* McsEngl.beneficial-mtrlHlth-001,
* McsEngl.harmfulNo-mtrlHlth-001,
* McsEngl.harmless-mtrlHlth-001,
* McsEngl.positive-mtrlHlth-001,
description::
· health-bodyMtrHmn with positive effects.
supplement (link) of health
06_resource of health
name::
* McsEngl.health'06_resource,
* McsEngl.health'attResource,
* McsEngl.health'Infrsc,
addressWpg::
*
07_environment of health
description::
·
name::
* McsEngl.helath'07_environment,
* McsEngl.helath'attEnvironment,
* McsEngl.helath'environment,
worker of health
description::
· health-care-provider is any human that provides health-care services.
name::
* McsEngl.HCW!=health-care-worker!⇒wrkrHealth,
* McsEngl.health'health-care-provider!⇒wrkrHealth,
* McsEngl.health-care-provider!⇒wrkrHealth,
* McsEngl.health-care-worker!⇒wrkrHealth,
* McsEngl.health-profession!⇒wrkrHealth,
* McsEngl.human.health-care-provider!⇒wrkrHealth,
* McsEngl.wrkr.033-health!⇒wrkrHealth,
* McsEngl.wrkr.health!⇒wrkrHealth,
* McsEngl.wrkrHealth!=health-care-provider,
wrkrHealth.SPECIFIC
description::
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_healthcare_occupations,
Health practitioners and professionals
* athletic trainer,
* audiologist,
* chiropractor,
* clinical coder,
* clinical nurse specialist,
* clinical officer,
* community health worker,
* dentist,
* dietitian and nutritionist,
* emergency medical technician,
* feldsher,
* health administrator,
* medical assistant,
* medical laboratory scientist,
* medical transcriptionist,
* nurse anesthetist,
* nurse practitioner,
* nurse midwife,
* nurse,
* occupational Therapist,
* optometrist,
* paramedic,
* pharmacist,
* pharmaconomist,
* pharmacy technician,
* phlebotomist,
* physician,
* physician assistant,
* podiatrist,
* psychologist,
* psychotherapist,
* physical therapist,
* radiographer,
* radiotherapist,
* respiratory therapist,
* speech-language pathologist,
* social Work,
* surgeon,
* surgeon's assistant,
* surgical technologist,
"A health professional, healthcare professional, or healthcare worker (sometimes abbreviated HCW)[1] is a provider of health care treatment and advice based on formal training and experience. The field includes those who work as a nurse, physician (such as family physician, internist, obstetrician, psychiatrist, radiologist, surgeon etc.), physician assistant, registered dietitian, veterinarian, veterinary technician, optometrist, pharmacist, pharmacy technician, medical assistant, physical therapist, occupational therapist, dentist, midwife, psychologist, audiologist, or healthcare scientist, or who perform services in allied health professions. Experts in public health and community health are also health professionals."
[{2024-04-21 retrieved} https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_professional]
name::
* McsEngl.wrkrHealth.specific,
organization of health
description::
"Health organizations are entities focused on promoting and protecting public health. They operate at various levels, from international to local, and play a crucial role in disease prevention, health education, and policy-making. Here's an overview of different types of health organizations:
### 1. **International Health Organizations**
- **World Health Organization (WHO):** The WHO is a specialized agency of the United Nations, established in 1948. It is the leading global health authority, responsible for setting international health standards, coordinating responses to health emergencies, and providing guidance on public health issues. The WHO works with member states to address global health challenges like pandemics, chronic diseases, and vaccine distribution.
### 2. **National Health Organizations**
- **Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) - United States:** The CDC is a U.S. federal agency under the Department of Health and Human Services. It focuses on disease prevention, health promotion, and preparedness for new health threats. The CDC is also involved in research, policy development, and public health education.
- **National Health Service (NHS) - United Kingdom:** The NHS is the publicly funded healthcare system in the UK, providing comprehensive healthcare services to all residents. It is one of the largest single-payer health systems in the world and is responsible for ensuring that healthcare is accessible and affordable.
### 3. **Regional Health Organizations**
- **Pan American Health Organization (PAHO):** PAHO is an international public health agency working within the Americas. It serves as the regional office for the WHO in the Americas and focuses on improving the health and quality of life of the people in the region.
- **European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC):** The ECDC is an agency of the European Union tasked with strengthening Europe's defenses against infectious diseases. It provides guidance and support to EU member states in preventing and controlling outbreaks.
### 4. **Non-Governmental Health Organizations (NGOs)**
- **Doctors Without Borders (Médecins Sans Frontières):** An international humanitarian organization that provides medical care in conflict zones, natural disaster areas, and regions with endemic diseases. It operates independently of governments and focuses on delivering medical aid to those in need, regardless of political affiliations.
- **The Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies:** These organizations provide emergency assistance, disaster relief, and education in communities around the world. They also play a vital role in blood donation and distribution, health education, and refugee assistance.
### 5. **Local Health Organizations**
- **County and City Health Departments:** In many countries, local health departments are responsible for implementing health policies, conducting community health assessments, and providing direct services such as immunizations, health screenings, and education.
### 6. **Private Health Organizations**
- **Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs):** These are private organizations that provide or arrange managed care for health insurance, self-funded healthcare benefit plans, individuals, and other entities in the U.S. They focus on providing preventive care and often operate on a capitation model.
### Key Functions of Health Organizations:
- **Disease Prevention and Control:** Monitoring and controlling the spread of diseases, especially infectious diseases.
- **Health Promotion:** Educating the public about healthy behaviors and lifestyles to prevent illness.
- **Health Policy Development:** Advising governments and organizations on health policies and regulations.
- **Research:** Conducting and supporting research on health issues to improve treatment, prevention, and healthcare delivery.
- **Emergency Response:** Coordinating responses to health emergencies such as pandemics, natural disasters, and outbreaks.
### Current Challenges:
- **Pandemics and Emerging Infectious Diseases:** The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of global cooperation and preparedness in addressing health crises.
- **Chronic Diseases:** Managing the rise of chronic conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, and cancer.
- **Health Equity:** Addressing disparities in healthcare access and outcomes among different populations.
These organizations are essential in maintaining and improving public health at all levels, from global initiatives to local interventions."
[{2024-08-01 retrieved} https://chatgpt.com/c/ff5327a2-6d14-4177-81bf-26a261ca00ef]
name::
* McsEngl.health'att007-organization!⇒ogznHealth,
* McsEngl.health'organization!⇒ogznHealth,
* McsEngl.ogznHealth,
* McsEngl.ogznPrdg.023-health!⇒ogznHealth,
* McsEngl.ogznPrdg.health!⇒ogznHealth,
hospital-bed of ogznHealth
description::
"Hospital beds are specialized beds used in healthcare settings to support patients during their stay. They are designed to accommodate various medical needs and improve patient comfort, safety, and care efficiency.
### Key Features of Hospital Beds:
1. **Adjustability**: Hospital beds can be adjusted in multiple ways, such as raising or lowering the head, foot, or entire bed to assist with patient positioning, reduce pressure ulcers, and aid in medical procedures.
2. **Safety Rails**: Most hospital beds are equipped with side rails that can be raised or lowered to prevent falls, provide support when moving in bed, and serve as attachment points for various medical devices.
3. **Mobility**: Hospital beds often have wheels, allowing for easy movement within the healthcare facility. The wheels can be locked to keep the bed stationary.
4. **Built-in Technology**: Modern hospital beds may include integrated controls for the bed's adjustments, vital sign monitoring, patient alarms, and communication systems. Some beds are equipped with sensors that detect patient movement or alert staff if the patient attempts to leave the bed unsafely.
5. **Mattress Compatibility**: Hospital beds are designed to accommodate various types of mattresses, including those that help prevent pressure sores or provide additional support.
### Types of Hospital Beds:
1. **Manual Beds**: Operated by hand cranks, these are typically used in settings with limited resources.
2. **Semi-electric Beds**: These beds have motorized head and foot adjustments, but the height adjustment is done manually.
3. **Electric Beds**: Fully motorized, allowing for easy adjustment of the bed's position and height with minimal effort.
4. **Specialty Beds**: Designed for specific medical conditions, such as bariatric beds for heavier patients or low beds to reduce fall risk.
### Applications:
- **Acute Care**: Used in hospitals for patients requiring intensive care or post-surgical recovery.
- **Long-term Care**: Found in nursing homes or rehabilitation centers, where patients may require extended care.
- **Home Care**: Some hospital beds are designed for use in home settings, providing patients with a comfortable and adjustable bed while recovering from illness or surgery.
These beds are an essential component of patient care, helping to improve recovery outcomes and ensuring the safety and comfort of patients."
[{2024-08-01 retrieved} https://chatgpt.com/c/9015dc3c-2d2c-45ff-bb54-6c9c6f55539e]
name::
* McsEngl.hospital-bed,
* McsEngl.ogznHealth'hospital-bed,
ogznHealth.SPECIFIC
description::
"Healthcare organizations vary significantly in their size, scope, and focus. Some common types include:
* **Hospitals:** These are institutions that provide medical and surgical treatment and nursing care for sick or injured people. They can range from small, community-based hospitals to large, academic medical centers.
* **Clinics:** These are facilities that provide outpatient medical care, often focusing on a particular specialty such as pediatrics, cardiology, or dermatology.
* **Physician Practices:** These are businesses run by doctors who provide medical care to patients in their offices. They may be solo practices or group practices with multiple physicians.
* **Ambulatory Surgery Centers:** These are facilities where surgical procedures that do not require an overnight hospital stay are performed.
* **Nursing Homes/Long-Term Care Facilities:** These are institutions that provide care for people who are unable to live independently due to age, illness, or disability.
* **Home Health Agencies:** These organizations provide medical and personal care to people in their own homes.
* **Hospice Organizations:** These organizations provide care and support for people who are terminally ill and their families.
* **Public Health Agencies:** These are government-run organizations that work to protect and promote the health of communities through disease prevention, health education, and other public health initiatives.
In addition to these, there are many other types of healthcare organizations, such as research institutions, pharmaceutical companies, and health insurance companies. The specific types of healthcare organizations available in a given area will vary depending on the needs of the community and the resources available."
[{2024-08-01 retrieved} https://gemini.google.com/app/eec5894d3c9f23ef]
name::
* McsEngl.ogznHealth.specific,
ogznHealth.aggregate
description::
"healthcare system definition
A healthcare system refers to the organized network of individuals, institutions, resources, and policies that work collectively to provide medical services, promote health, and manage various aspects of healthcare delivery within a specific geographic area or country. It encompasses a wide range of activities, including medical treatment, preventive measures, diagnostics, rehabilitation, and health promotion, all aimed at maintaining and improving the overall health and well-being of individuals and communities.
Key components of a healthcare system include:
* Healthcare Providers: These are the individuals and organizations that deliver medical care, including doctors, nurses, specialists, hospitals, clinics, pharmacies, and other medical facilities.
* Healthcare Services: These encompass a variety of medical interventions, from primary care and routine check-ups to specialized treatments, surgeries, emergency care, and chronic disease management.
* Healthcare Financing: This involves the mechanisms by which healthcare services are funded. It includes sources of funding such as government funding, private health insurance, out-of-pocket payments by individuals, and philanthropic contributions.
* Healthcare Regulation and Policy: Governments and regulatory bodies establish laws, regulations, and policies that guide the operation of the healthcare system, ensuring quality, safety, ethical standards, and access to care.
* Health Information Systems: These systems manage medical records, patient data, health information exchange, and electronic health records, which are crucial for effective patient care, research, and public health planning.
* Healthcare Workforce: The skilled professionals, including doctors, nurses, allied health workers, technicians, and administrative staff, who provide and support healthcare services.
* Public Health Initiatives: These focus on population-level health, disease prevention, health education, and promotion. They address issues such as vaccinations, disease outbreaks, health campaigns, and environmental health.
* Medical Research and Innovation: Healthcare systems often contribute to medical research, drug development, and technological advancements to improve diagnosis, treatment, and overall healthcare outcomes.
* Healthcare Access and Equity: Ensuring that all individuals have access to quality healthcare services, regardless of their socio-economic status, location, or other factors, is a critical aspect of any healthcare system.
* Healthcare Outcomes: Measuring the impact of healthcare interventions on the health status of individuals and communities, including metrics like mortality rates, disease prevalence, life expectancy, and quality of life.
Healthcare systems can vary significantly from one country to another due to cultural, economic, political, and social factors. Some countries have publicly funded universal healthcare systems, while others rely more on private health insurance and market-driven approaches. The effectiveness of a healthcare system is often evaluated based on its ability to provide timely, safe, effective, and equitable care to its population."
[{2023-08-30 retrieved} https://chat.openai.com/?model=text-davinci-002-render-sha]
name::
* McsEngl.health-sector!⇒sectorHealth,
* McsEngl.healthcare-sector!⇒sectorHealth,
* McsEngl.ogznHealth.aggregate!⇒sectorHealth,
* McsEngl.society'healthcare-system!⇒sectorHealth,
* McsEngl.sctrPdnHealth!⇒sectorHealth,
* McsEngl.sectorHealth!=healthcare-sector,
descriptionLong::
"healthcare system definition
A healthcare system is a network of organizations, people, and resources that deliver health care services to meet the health needs of a population. It includes the following components:
* Healthcare providers: These are the people who deliver health care services, such as doctors, nurses, and other medical professionals.
* Healthcare facilities: These are the places where health care services are provided, such as hospitals, clinics, and doctor's offices.
* Healthcare financing: This is the way that health care services are paid for, such as through insurance, taxes, or out-of-pocket payments.
* Healthcare policies: These are the laws and regulations that govern the healthcare system, such as those that ensure the quality of care or protect patients' rights.
* Healthcare information systems: These are the systems that are used to collect, store, and share health information, such as electronic health records.
The healthcare system in each country is different, depending on its history, culture, and economic resources. However, all healthcare systems have the same goal: to provide high-quality, accessible, and affordable health care to their populations.
Here are some of the different types of healthcare systems:
* Single-payer system: This is a system where the government is the sole payer for health care services. This is the system used in countries like Canada, the United Kingdom, and Sweden.
* Multi-payer system: This is a system where there are multiple payers for health care services, such as private insurance companies and the government. This is the system used in countries like the United States, Germany, and France.
* Mixed system: This is a system that combines elements of both single-payer and multi-payer systems. This is the system used in countries like Japan and South Korea.
Sources: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthcare_in_India"
[{2023-08-30 retrieved} https://bard.google.com/]
system-vs-sector of sectorHealth
description::
· sector + relations = system.
">healthcare system vs healthcare sector:
The terms "healthcare system" and "healthcare sector" are often used in discussions about health services, but they refer to different concepts within the broader field of healthcare. Here's a breakdown of each term:
1. **Healthcare System**:
- This term refers to the organization and delivery mechanisms of health services within a particular country or community. It encompasses all the institutions, resources, and people involved in providing healthcare services to populations.
- The healthcare system includes various components such as hospitals, clinics, healthcare providers (doctors, nurses, specialists), health insurance companies, and the policies and regulations that govern the provision of health services.
- The primary focus of a healthcare system is on the structure, efficiency, accessibility, and quality of health services offered to the public. It is concerned with how these services are delivered, funded, and consumed.
2. **Healthcare Sector**:
- This term generally refers to the economic or business side of healthcare. It includes all aspects of the industry that provide goods and services to treat patients with curative, preventive, rehabilitative, and palliative care.
- The healthcare sector covers a broader range of elements, including pharmaceutical companies, medical equipment manufacturers, healthcare facilities (like hospitals and nursing homes), and medical insurance companies.
- The sector is part of the larger economic system and is analyzed for its impact on employment, investment, and economic growth. It encompasses public, private, and voluntary entities that contribute to the production and distribution of healthcare services.
In summary, the "healthcare system" is more about the organizational and operational aspects of health service delivery within a community or country, focusing on public health and service efficiency. The "healthcare sector," however, represents the broader economic and business activities related to healthcare, including all industries and services that contribute to healthcare economics."
[{2024-04-27 retrieved} https://chat.openai.com/c/1545651a-2ae3-4856-9c66-0b3f3c964707]
name::
* McsEngl.healthcare-sector-vs-healthcare-system,
* McsEngl.healthcare-system-vs-healthcare-sector,
* McsEngl.sectorHealth'relation-to-system,
access of sectorHealth
description::
"A 2019 survey conducted by Gallup and West Health underscored that point, finding that nearly 13 percent of Americans, or 34 million people, report knowing at least one person who died within the past five years because he or she was unable to pay for medical treatment or prescription drugs. People of color, younger people and individuals with low incomes were far more likely to have known some who died under such circumstances."
[{2020-08-11} https://www.wisegeek.com/do-most-people-have-access-to-the-medical-care-they-need.htm]
name::
* McsEngl.health'access-to-health-care,
* McsEngl.health-care-access,
* McsEngl.healthcare-access,
* McsEngl.human'health-care-access,
* McsEngl.medical-care-access,
* McsEngl.sectorHealth'access,
health-insurance of sectorHealth
description::
"Health insurance is a contract that provides financial protection against medical expenses. It can cover costs such as doctor's visits, hospital stays, medications, and surgeries. There are various types of health insurance plans available, each with different levels of coverage and benefits.
Here are some of the main types of health insurance plans:
* **HMO (Health Maintenance Organization):** This type of plan typically requires you to choose a primary care physician (PCP) who coordinates all your healthcare needs. You'll need a referral from your PCP to see a specialist.
* **PPO (Preferred Provider Organization):** This plan allows you to see any doctor or specialist within the network without a referral. You can also see out-of-network providers, but you'll usually pay more out of pocket.
* **POS (Point of Service):** This plan is a hybrid of HMO and PPO plans. You choose a PCP, but you can also see out-of-network providers with a referral.
* **EPO (Exclusive Provider Organization):** This plan only covers care from doctors and hospitals within the network. There is no coverage for out-of-network care except in emergencies.
* **High-Deductible Health Plan (HDHP):** This plan has a high deductible, but it also has lower monthly premiums. It's often paired with a Health Savings Account (HSA), which allows you to save money tax-free for medical expenses.
Choosing the right health insurance plan depends on your individual needs and budget. Consider factors such as the monthly premium, deductible, co-payments, and the network of providers.
Here are some additional resources that may be helpful:
* **What Is Health Insurance: Meaning, Benefits & Types - Forbes:** [https://www.forbes.com/advisor/in/health-insurance/what-is-health-insurance/](https://www.forbes.com/advisor/in/health-insurance/what-is-health-insurance/)
* Types of Health Insurance Plans: HMO, PPO, HSA, EPO, POS - Policygenius: [invalid URL removed]
* National Organization of Social Insurance (NOSI): [https://www.nosi.org/](https://www.nosi.org/)
It's also a good idea to compare quotes from different insurance companies to find the best plan for you."
[{2024-08-01 retrieved} https://gemini.google.com/app/f597f2973a8af69e]
name::
* McsEngl.health-insurance,
* McsEngl.sectorHealth'health-insurance,
universal-health-insurance
description::
"Universal health insurance is a system in which every individual within a particular country or region is covered by health insurance, ensuring access to healthcare services without the burden of substantial out-of-pocket expenses. This model aims to provide comprehensive healthcare coverage for all citizens, regardless of their income, employment status, or health condition.
### Key Features of Universal Health Insurance:
1. **Coverage for All**: Every citizen or legal resident is automatically covered by health insurance, ensuring that no one is left without access to necessary medical services.
2. **Government Involvement**: The government typically plays a significant role in organizing and financing the health insurance system. This may involve collecting taxes to fund the system and regulating private insurers if they are part of the system.
3. **Basic Health Services**: Universal health insurance usually covers a standard package of healthcare services, which may include primary care, hospitalization, prescription drugs, and preventive services.
4. **Equity in Access**: One of the primary goals is to ensure that everyone has equal access to healthcare services, regardless of their socio-economic status.
5. **Cost Control**: By centralizing the insurance system, governments can often negotiate lower prices for services and medications, helping to control overall healthcare costs.
### Examples of Universal Health Insurance Systems:
- **National Health Service (NHS) in the United Kingdom**: Funded by taxes, the NHS provides healthcare services that are free at the point of use for all UK residents.
- **Medicare in Australia**: Funded through taxes and the Medicare levy, this system provides free or subsidized access to a range of healthcare services for Australian citizens and permanent residents.
- **Canada's Health Insurance System**: Funded primarily through taxes, Canada's system provides universal coverage for all necessary hospital and physician services.
### Benefits of Universal Health Insurance:
- **Improved Public Health**: With everyone having access to healthcare, preventive services, and early treatments, overall public health tends to improve.
- **Reduced Financial Hardship**: Universal coverage protects individuals from the financial risks associated with high medical costs.
- **Social Equity**: It helps to reduce disparities in health outcomes across different segments of the population.
### Challenges:
- **Funding**: Implementing and maintaining universal health insurance requires significant public funding, often through higher taxes or reallocating government budgets.
- **Efficiency**: Ensuring that the system runs efficiently without long wait times or unnecessary bureaucracy can be challenging.
- **Scope of Coverage**: Deciding which services and medications are covered and how to manage cost without compromising quality of care is a critical issue.
Universal health insurance remains a topic of significant debate, especially in countries that do not currently have such a system, with discussions focusing on how to balance coverage, cost, and quality of care."
[{2024-08-01 retrieved} https://chatgpt.com/c/c997230d-b356-4fd7-91c0-437fb27384be]
"Starting year of universal health care:
* Norway 1912,
* Japan 1938,
* New Zealand 1938,
* Germany 1941,
* Belgium 1945,
* United Kingdom 1948,
* Kuwait 1950,
* Sweden 1955,
* Bahrain 1957,
* Brunei 1958,
* Canada 1966,
* Netherlands 1966,
* Austria 1967,
* United Arab Emirates 1971,
* Finland 1972,
* Slovenia 1972,
* Denmark 1973,
* Luxembourg 1973,
* France 1974,
* Australia 1975,
* Ireland 1977,
* Italy 1978,
* Portugal 1979,
* Cyprus 1980,
* Greece 1983,
* Spain 1986,
* South Korea 1988,
* Iceland 1990,
* Hong Kong 1993,
* Singapore 1993,
* Switzerland 1994,
* Israel 1995,
* Taiwan 1995,
* Turkey 2003,
[{2024-04-21 retrieved} https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_health_care]
name::
* McsEngl.universal-health-insurance,
evaluation of sectorHealth
description::
Quality of the healthcare system:
1. Taiwan 🇹🇼
2. South Korea 🇰🇷
3. Japan 🇯🇵
4. France 🇫🇷
5. Netherlands 🇳🇱
6. Denmark 🇩🇰
7. Thailand 🇹🇭
8. Finland 🇫🇮
9. Spain 🇪🇸
10. Luxembourg 🇱🇺
11. Norway 🇳🇴
12. Austria 🇦🇹
16. UK 🇬🇧
18. Israel 🇮🇱
20. Switzerland 🇨🇭
21. Mexico 🇲🇽
22. Portugal 🇵🇹
23. Germany 🇩🇪
25. Australia 🇦🇺
26. Turkey 🇹🇷
27. Singapore 🇸🇬
29. Canada 🇨🇦
31. UAE 🇦🇪
32. Uruguay 🇺🇾
33. Sweden 🇸🇪
34. Argentina 🇦🇷
35. Colombia 🇨🇴
36. USA 🇺🇸
39. China 🇨🇳
43. Italy 🇮🇹
45. India 🇮🇳
50. South Africa 🇿🇦
54. Saudi Arabia 🇸🇦
56. Indonesia 🇮🇩
58. Russia 🇷🇺
59. Vietnam 🇻🇳
61. Pakistan 🇵🇰
63. Poland 🇵🇱
64. Brazil 🇧🇷
71. Romania 🇷🇴
80. Algeria 🇩🇿
82. Iran 🇮🇷
87. Nigeria 🇳🇬
88. Egypt 🇪🇬
93. Bangladesh 🇧🇩
94. Venezuela 🇻🇪
* quality of the healthcare system, including factors such as healthcare professionals, equipment, staff, doctors, and costs.
[{2023-08-30 retrieved} https://twitter.com/stats_feed/status/1696786379529748569]
name::
* McsEngl.sectorHealth'evaluation,
ogznHealth.hospital
description::
"(n) hospital (a medical institution where sick or injured people are given medical or surgical care)"
[{2021-12-15 retrieved} http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=hospital]
name::
* McsEngl.hospital!⇒oznHospital,
* McsEngl.ogznHealth.hospital!⇒oznHospital,
* McsEngl.oznHospital,
====== langoChinese:
* McsZhon.yīyuàn-医院!=oznHospital,
* McsZhon.医院-yīyuàn!=oznHospital,
====== langoGreek:
* McsElln.νοσοκομείο!το!=oznHospital,
right-to-health of health
description::
"The right to health is a fundamental human right that encompasses access to the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health. It is recognized in various international human rights instruments, most notably in Article 25 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) and Article 12 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights (ICESCR, 1966).
### Key Components of the Right to Health:
1. **Availability**: Health facilities, goods, services, and programs must be available in sufficient quantity within a country.
2. **Accessibility**: Health services must be accessible to everyone without discrimination. Accessibility has four overlapping dimensions:
- **Non-discrimination**: Health services must be accessible to all, particularly the most vulnerable or marginalized populations.
- **Physical Accessibility**: Health facilities must be within safe physical reach for all sections of the population, especially vulnerable or marginalized groups.
- **Economic Accessibility (Affordability)**: Health services must be affordable for all. Payment for health-care services should be based on the principle of equity, ensuring that these services are accessible to all, including socially disadvantaged groups.
- **Information Accessibility**: Information about health issues must be accessible, which includes the right to seek, receive, and impart information and ideas concerning health issues.
3. **Acceptability**: Health services must be respectful of medical ethics, culturally appropriate, and sensitive to gender and life-cycle requirements.
4. **Quality**: Health facilities, goods, and services must be scientifically and medically appropriate and of good quality.
### Legal Recognition:
- **International Treaties**: The right to health is enshrined in various international treaties. For example, Article 12 of the ICESCR requires countries to recognize the right of everyone to the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health.
- **National Constitutions and Laws**: Many countries have incorporated the right to health into their national constitutions and laws, providing a legal framework for the implementation of this right at the national level.
### State Obligations:
States have three levels of obligations under the right to health:
- **Respect**: This requires the state to refrain from interfering with the enjoyment of the right to health.
- **Protect**: This requires the state to prevent third parties from interfering with the right to health.
- **Fulfill**: This requires the state to adopt appropriate legislative, administrative, budgetary, judicial, and other measures toward the full realization of the right to health.
### Challenges and Issues:
Despite the recognition of the right to health, many challenges exist, including inequality in access to healthcare, inadequate health infrastructure, discrimination in healthcare settings, and insufficient governmental commitment. Global health issues such as pandemics, health financing, and the impact of climate change also pose significant challenges to the realization of the right to health.
### Conclusion:
The right to health is a comprehensive and inclusive right that is vital for the dignity of every human being. Its realization requires a multifaceted approach, addressing social determinants of health, ensuring non-discrimination, and implementing robust healthcare systems that are accessible, affordable, acceptable, and of high quality."
[{2024-08-01 retrieved} https://chatgpt.com/c/028cc64e-0e5c-498c-b990-902a5d9fc368]
name::
* McsEngl.health'att010-right-to-health,
* McsEngl.health'right-to-health,
* McsEngl.right-to-health,
public-spending of health
description::
"Public spending on health refers to the allocation of government resources towards healthcare services and infrastructure. This spending can take various forms, including direct funding of healthcare facilities, subsidies for medical treatments, public health programs, health insurance schemes, and research and development in the medical field. Public spending on health is crucial as it directly impacts the accessibility, quality, and affordability of healthcare services for the population.
### Key Components of Public Health Spending:
1. **Healthcare Infrastructure**: Investments in hospitals, clinics, and other healthcare facilities.
2. **Healthcare Personnel**: Salaries and training for doctors, nurses, and other healthcare professionals.
3. **Medical Equipment and Supplies**: Procurement of necessary medical equipment and medicines.
4. **Public Health Programs**: Initiatives aimed at disease prevention, vaccination, health education, and promotion of healthy lifestyles.
5. **Health Insurance and Subsidies**: Government-funded or subsidized health insurance programs that reduce the cost burden on individuals.
6. **Research and Development**: Funding for medical research to improve treatments, healthcare delivery, and disease prevention.
### Importance of Public Health Spending:
- **Improving Public Health**: Adequate public spending on health leads to better health outcomes, reduces mortality rates, and increases life expectancy.
- **Economic Benefits**: A healthier population contributes to higher productivity, reducing the economic burden caused by illness and disability.
- **Equity in Healthcare**: Public health spending can reduce disparities in access to healthcare, ensuring that vulnerable and marginalized populations receive necessary medical services.
- **Crisis Preparedness**: Investments in health infrastructure and research ensure that a country is better prepared to handle health crises, such as pandemics or natural disasters.
### Global Trends and Challenges:
- **Variation in Spending**: There is significant variation in public health spending between countries, often correlated with economic status. High-income countries generally spend a larger percentage of their GDP on health compared to low-income countries.
- **Sustainability Concerns**: Rising healthcare costs, driven by factors such as aging populations and the increasing prevalence of chronic diseases, pose challenges for sustaining public health spending.
- **Efficiency and Effectiveness**: There is an ongoing debate about how to ensure that public spending on health is efficient and effectively meets the needs of the population.
In summary, public spending on health is a critical aspect of government policy that directly affects the well-being of a nation's population. Effective and efficient public health spending can lead to better health outcomes, reduced inequalities in healthcare access, and overall economic benefits."
[{2024-08-01 retrieved} https://chatgpt.com/c/0ff0f9e3-8dea-4436-9c60-b9986a9f2272]
name::
* McsEngl.health'att008-public-spending,
* McsEngl.health'public-spending,
* McsEngl.public-spending-on-health,
education of health
description::
"Health education is a social science that draws from the biological, environmental, psychological, and medical sciences to promote health and prevent disease, disability, and premature death through education-driven voluntary behavior change activities. Health education is the development of individual, group, institutional, community, and systemic strategies to improve health knowledge, attitudes, skills, and behavior.
The purpose of health education is to positively influence the health behavior of individuals and communities as well as the living and working conditions that influence their health. Health education provides the opportunity to acquire knowledge, attitudes, and skills needed to adopt and maintain healthy behaviors.
Health education takes place in a variety of settings including schools, workplaces, clinics, and communities. Health educators work with individuals, families, groups, and communities to assess their needs, develop educational programs, and implement and evaluate those programs.
The goals of health education are to:
* **Promote healthy behaviors:** Health educators work with individuals and communities to help them adopt and maintain healthy behaviors such as eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and avoiding tobacco and alcohol use.
* **Prevent disease and injury:** Health educators educate people about the risks of disease and injury and how to prevent them and when to seek medical attention.
* **Improve the quality of life:** Health educators work to improve the quality of life for individuals and communities by helping them adopt healthy behaviors and prevent disease and injury. They also work to improve the living and working conditions that influence health.
Health education is an important part of public health. It plays a vital role in promoting health and preventing disease, disability, and premature death.
I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any other questions."
[{2024-08-01 retrieved} https://gemini.google.com/app/028f7336bade6446]
name::
* McsEngl.health'att009-education,
* McsEngl.health'education,
citizen-education-on-health
description::
"Health education is a vital process that equips individuals with the knowledge, skills, and attitudes necessary to maintain and improve their health. It is a lifelong process that empowers people to make informed decisions about their well-being and to adopt healthy behaviors that reduce the risk of illness and enhance their quality of life. Below is an overview of key topics in health education:
### 1. **Nutrition and Diet**
- **Balanced Diet**: Understanding the importance of a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats.
- **Nutrient Deficiencies**: Recognizing the signs and symptoms of common nutrient deficiencies, such as iron, calcium, or vitamin D.
- **Portion Control**: Learning how to manage portion sizes to prevent overeating and obesity.
### 2. **Physical Activity**
- **Benefits of Exercise**: Regular physical activity improves cardiovascular health, strengthens muscles, supports mental health, and helps with weight management.
- **Types of Exercise**: Incorporating a mix of aerobic, strength training, flexibility, and balance exercises.
- **Physical Activity Guidelines**: Following recommendations for daily or weekly physical activity based on age and health status.
### 3. **Mental Health**
- **Stress Management**: Techniques such as mindfulness, deep breathing, and time management to reduce stress levels.
- **Mental Health Disorders**: Understanding common mental health issues like depression, anxiety, and recognizing when to seek professional help.
- **Healthy Relationships**: Building and maintaining healthy relationships through communication, respect, and empathy.
### 4. **Chronic Disease Prevention**
- **Risk Factors**: Identifying risk factors for chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer (e.g., smoking, high blood pressure, sedentary lifestyle).
- **Preventive Screenings**: The importance of regular screenings such as blood pressure checks, cholesterol tests, mammograms, and colonoscopies.
- **Lifestyle Modifications**: Adopting behaviors such as quitting smoking, reducing alcohol intake, and managing weight to reduce disease risk.
### 5. **Sexual Health**
- **Reproductive Health**: Understanding reproductive anatomy, contraception options, and family planning.
- **Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)**: Information on prevention, symptoms, and treatment of STIs.
- **Healthy Sexual Relationships**: Promoting consensual, respectful, and safe sexual practices.
### 6. **Substance Abuse Prevention**
- **Alcohol and Drugs**: Educating about the risks of alcohol and drug use, including addiction and its impact on health.
- **Tobacco Use**: Understanding the dangers of smoking and the benefits of quitting.
- **Prevention Strategies**: Ways to resist peer pressure and develop healthy coping mechanisms to avoid substance abuse.
### 7. **Injury and Violence Prevention**
- **Safety Practices**: Implementing safety measures such as wearing seat belts, helmets, and using child safety seats.
- **Domestic Violence Awareness**: Recognizing the signs of abuse and knowing where to seek help.
- **First Aid**: Basic first aid skills for common injuries and emergencies.
### 8. **Environmental Health**
- **Pollution and Health**: The effects of air, water, and soil pollution on health and ways to reduce exposure.
- **Climate Change**: Understanding the health implications of climate change and the importance of sustainability.
- **Safe Living Environments**: Ensuring clean water, proper sanitation, and safe housing.
### 9. **Health Literacy**
- **Accessing Health Information**: Learning how to find reliable health information from trusted sources.
- **Understanding Medical Instructions**: The ability to comprehend and follow healthcare providers' instructions.
- **Advocating for Your Health**: How to communicate effectively with healthcare providers and make informed decisions about treatment options.
### 10. **Public Health and Policy**
- **Vaccinations**: Understanding the importance of vaccines in preventing disease outbreaks.
- **Health Insurance**: Learning about health insurance options, including how to choose a plan and what it covers.
- **Community Health**: The role of public health initiatives in improving health outcomes on a community level.
Health education is not just about acquiring knowledge; it also involves changing attitudes and behaviors to live a healthier life. Schools, healthcare providers, and community organizations play a significant role in providing health education. Whether through formal education programs, workshops, or community outreach, the goal is to create a culture of health that supports the well-being of individuals and communities."
[{2024-08-01 retrieved} https://chatgpt.com/c/687591ec-0217-42f9-957f-fa1b07351b2f]
name::
* McsEngl.education-on-health-of-citizens,
healthy--education-system
description::
"The concept of an education system focused on health is increasingly gaining recognition due to the vital role that education plays in promoting health and well-being. Such a system integrates health education into the broader educational curriculum, ensuring that students not only acquire academic knowledge but also learn about maintaining their physical, mental, and social health. Below are key components and benefits of a health-focused education system:
### Key Components of a Health-Focused Education System
1. **Comprehensive Health Education Curriculum:**
- **Physical Health:** Education on nutrition, exercise, hygiene, substance abuse prevention, sexual and reproductive health.
- **Mental Health:** Lessons on stress management, emotional intelligence, resilience, coping strategies, and the importance of mental well-being.
- **Social Health:** Teaching about healthy relationships, communication skills, and social responsibility.
2. **Integration with Academic Subjects:**
- Health topics can be integrated into science (biology, chemistry), physical education, social studies (impact of health on society), and even mathematics (statistics on health trends).
3. **Practical Health Skills:**
- Schools can provide students with practical health skills, such as first aid training, cooking nutritious meals, and basic healthcare practices.
4. **Physical Activity and Sports:**
- Regular physical activity should be a cornerstone, with mandatory physical education classes and encouragement for participation in sports and outdoor activities.
5. **Mental Health Support:**
- Schools should provide access to counseling services, mental health workshops, and create an environment where mental health issues are openly discussed and addressed.
6. **Healthy School Environment:**
- Promoting a healthy school environment through policies on healthy eating in school cafeterias, anti-bullying measures, and safe school facilities.
7. **Parental and Community Involvement:**
- Engaging parents and the community in health education through workshops, newsletters, and community health events.
8. **Use of Technology:**
- Incorporating digital tools and apps that promote health education and monitor students' well-being.
9. **Teacher Training and Professional Development:**
- Providing teachers with the necessary training to deliver health education effectively and sensitively.
### Benefits of a Health-Focused Education System
1. **Improved Academic Performance:**
- Healthier students are more likely to perform better academically as they have better concentration, energy levels, and overall well-being.
2. **Reduced Health Disparities:**
- Early education on health can reduce disparities by equipping all students, regardless of background, with the knowledge to make informed health decisions.
3. **Long-term Health Outcomes:**
- Students educated in a health-focused system are more likely to carry healthy habits into adulthood, leading to better long-term health outcomes and reduced healthcare costs.
4. **Empowered Students:**
- Students become empowered to take charge of their health, make informed decisions, and advocate for healthier communities.
5. **Community Health Improvement:**
- As students take their knowledge into their families and communities, the overall health of society can improve.
6. **Mental Health Awareness:**
- Reducing stigma around mental health and providing early intervention can help prevent more severe mental health issues later in life.
Incorporating health into the education system is not just about teaching health topics but fostering a holistic approach that views health as integral to a student's overall development. This approach requires collaboration between educators, healthcare providers, families, and policymakers to create an environment where health and education support each other."
[{2024-08-01 retrieved} https://chatgpt.com/c/3f83e06b-dd7f-4bdc-a6db-d829b3798911]
name::
* McsEngl.education-system.healthy,
* McsEngl.healthy-education-system,
evaluation of health
description::
"Health sector evaluation is a comprehensive process used to assess the performance, effectiveness, efficiency, and impact of healthcare systems, programs, or interventions. This evaluation is crucial for understanding how well the health sector meets the needs of the population, optimizing resource allocation, and informing policy decisions. Here’s an overview of the key components and steps involved in health sector evaluation:
### 1. **Define Objectives and Scope**
- **Purpose**: Determine the main goals of the evaluation (e.g., improving service delivery, assessing the impact of a specific intervention, or optimizing resource use).
- **Scope**: Establish the boundaries of the evaluation, including which programs, regions, populations, or services will be included.
### 2. **Design the Evaluation Framework**
- **Indicators**: Develop a set of measurable indicators related to health outcomes, service quality, access, efficiency, and equity.
- **Methodology**: Choose appropriate methods for data collection (qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods) and analysis.
- **Stakeholder Involvement**: Engage stakeholders, including policymakers, healthcare providers, patients, and community representatives, to ensure the evaluation addresses relevant concerns and priorities.
### 3. **Data Collection**
- **Sources**: Gather data from various sources, such as health information systems, surveys, medical records, administrative data, and interviews with key stakeholders.
- **Tools**: Utilize tools like surveys, focus groups, observational studies, and case studies to collect comprehensive data.
### 4. **Data Analysis**
- **Quantitative Analysis**: Use statistical methods to analyze numerical data, identify trends, and evaluate the relationships between different variables.
- **Qualitative Analysis**: Analyze non-numerical data, such as interviews and focus group discussions, to gain insights into stakeholder perspectives and experiences.
- **Benchmarking**: Compare the results with established benchmarks, standards, or best practices to evaluate performance.
### 5. **Interpretation of Results**
- **Performance Assessment**: Evaluate how well the health sector or specific programs are performing against the set objectives and indicators.
- **Impact Assessment**: Assess the impact of health interventions on health outcomes, equity, and accessibility.
- **Cost-Effectiveness**: Analyze the cost-effectiveness of different interventions or programs to determine value for money.
### 6. **Reporting and Dissemination**
- **Findings**: Compile the evaluation findings into a comprehensive report, highlighting key outcomes, areas of strength, and areas needing improvement.
- **Recommendations**: Provide actionable recommendations based on the evaluation results, aimed at improving health sector performance.
- **Dissemination**: Share the report with stakeholders, including government agencies, healthcare providers, and the public, to inform decision-making and policy formulation.
### 7. **Implementation of Recommendations**
- **Action Plan**: Develop an action plan to implement the recommended changes or improvements.
- **Monitoring and Feedback**: Establish a system for monitoring the implementation of recommendations and provide feedback to stakeholders.
### 8. **Continuous Evaluation and Improvement**
- **Ongoing Monitoring**: Implement continuous monitoring systems to track the performance of the health sector over time.
- **Adaptation**: Use the evaluation findings to adapt and refine health policies, programs, and services, ensuring they remain responsive to changing needs and circumstances.
### Challenges and Considerations:
- **Data Availability**: Ensuring the availability and quality of data can be challenging, particularly in low-resource settings.
- **Stakeholder Engagement**: Achieving meaningful stakeholder participation requires careful planning and communication.
- **Ethical Considerations**: Ensure that the evaluation is conducted ethically, with respect for patient privacy and informed consent.
Health sector evaluation is a dynamic and ongoing process that plays a critical role in improving health outcomes, promoting equity, and ensuring the efficient use of resources in the healthcare system."
[{2024-08-01 retrieved} https://chatgpt.com/c/15154037-8016-4315-96d1-47821608689f]
name::
* McsEngl.health'att011-evaluation,
* McsEngl.health'evaluation,
indicator of health
description::
* life-expectancy,
* total-fertility-rate,
* infant-mortality-rate,
* death-rate,
name::
* McsEngl.health'att012-indicator,
* McsEngl.health'-indicator,
EVOLUTING of health
name::
* McsEngl.health'08_evoluting,
* McsEngl.health'attEvoluting,
* McsEngl.evoluting-of-health,
* McsEngl.health'evoluting,
{2020-01-05}::
=== McsHitp-creation:
· creation of current concept.
WHOLE-PART-TREE of health
name::
* McsEngl.health'whole-part-tree,
whole-chain::
*
...
* Sympan,
part::
*
GENERIC-SPECIFIC-TREE of health
name::
* McsEngl.health'generic-specific-tree,
GENERIC-TREE of health
generic-of-health::
* organism's-health,
attribute-tree-of-health::
* ,
att-tree-inherited-from::
· :
* ,
att-tree-own-of-health::
* ,
SPECIFIC-TREE of health
specific-of-health::
* best-health,
* good-health,
* mid-health,
* bad-health,
* worst-health,
===
* body-health,
* bodyNo-health,
* body-and-bodyNo--health,
===
* atomic-health,
* social-health,
health.structure-001
name::
* McsEngl.health.001-structure,
* McsEngl.health.structure-001,
description::
· healthStructure is the-health of the-structure of a-human.
health.doing-002
name::
* McsEngl.health.002-doing,
* McsEngl.health.doing-002,
description::
· healthDoing is the-health of the-doings of a-human.
health.body
name::
* McsEngl.health.body,
* McsEngl.health.physical,
* McsEngl.physical-health,
description::
· physical-health is the-health of the-human-body.
===
έχε τα πόδια σου ζεστά,
την κεφαλή σου κρύα,
τον στόμαχόν σου ελαφρύ,
γιατρού δεν έχεις χρεία.
[Παροιμιακός κανόνας]
healthBody.SPECIFIC
specific::
* body-disorder,
* body-disorderNO,
health.mind
description::
"Mental health is the level of psychological well-being or an absence of mental illness. It is the state of someone who is "functioning at a satisfactory level of emotional and behavioral adjustment".[1] From the perspectives of positive psychology or of holism, mental health may include an individual's ability to enjoy life and to create a balance between life activities and efforts to achieve psychological resilience.[2] According to the World Health Organization (WHO), mental health includes "subjective well-being, perceived self-efficacy, autonomy, competence, inter-generational dependence, and self-actualization of one's intellectual and emotional potential, among others".[3] The WHO further states that the well-being of an individual is encompassed in the realization of their abilities, coping with normal stresses of life, productive work, and contribution to their community.[4] Cultural differences, subjective assessments, and competing professional theories all affect how one defines "mental health".[3][5]"
[{2020-01-28} https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_health]
name::
* McsEngl.health.mental,
* McsEngl.health.mind,
* McsEngl.health.psyche,
* McsEngl.mental-health,
====== langoGreek:
* McsElln.ψυχική-υγεία!=health.mental,
health.mind
specific::
* mental-disorder,
* mental-disorderNo,
health.social
description::
"Social isolation, regardless of feelings of loneliness, may have negative health consequences and even shorten lives.
Social isolation -- a lack of companionship or interaction -- might correlate with a higher rate of illness and mortality, according to a study that followed participants age 52 or older from 2004-2012.
Even if the respondents did not necessarily feel lonely, researchers found that the most socially isolated participants had a 26% higher mortality rate.
These findings led researchers to think that having confidants could result in symptoms of illness or poor health being noticed sooner.
In addition, physical contact correlated with a decrease in health symptoms such as pain or high blood pressure.
[http://www.wisegeek.com/does-social-isolation-impact-mortality.htm?m, [2013-08-22}]"
name::
* McsEngl.health.social,
* McsEngl.social-health,
====== langoGreek:
* McsElln.κοινωνική-υγεία!=social-health,
healthSocial.SPECIFIC
specific::
* social-disorder,
* social-disorderNo,
health.socialNo
name::
* McsEngl.health.socialNo,
* McsEngl.health.atomic,
* McsEngl.atomic-health,
* McsEngl.socialNo-health,
====== langoGreek:
* McsElln.ατομική-υγεία!=socialNo-health,
description::
· atomic-helth is the-mental and body-health of a-human.
specific-tree-of-::
* atomic-disorder,
* atomic-disorderNo,
