evoluting of tech

description::
">evolution of technology:
The evolution of technology has been a continuous process throughout human history, driven by our innate desire to improve our lives and overcome challenges. From the earliest stone tools to the sophisticated gadgets of today, technology has shaped our world in profound ways.

**Stone Age (Paleolithic Era) – 2.5 million years ago to 10,000 BCE**
The earliest humans were hunter-gatherers who relied on simple tools made from stone, wood, and bone. These tools helped them to hunt, gather food, and protect themselves from predators.

**Neolithic Revolution – 10,000 BCE to 4,500 BCE**
The Neolithic Revolution marked a turning point in human history as people began to practice agriculture and settle in permanent communities. This led to the development of more sophisticated tools and technologies, such as:
* **The plow:** This allowed farmers to cultivate larger areas of land.
* **The wheel:** This revolutionized transportation and manufacturing.
* **Pottery:** This provided a way to store and cook food.

**Bronze Age – 3,500 BCE to 1,200 BCE**
The Bronze Age saw the emergence of new technologies, such as:
* **The smelting of bronze:** This alloy of copper and tin was stronger and more durable than stone tools.
* **The development of writing:** This allowed for the preservation of knowledge and communication over long distances.

**Iron Age – 1,200 BCE to 500 CE**
The Iron Age marked a further advancement in technology, with the development of iron tools and weapons. This led to improved farming practices, warfare, and construction.

**Renaissance – 14th to 17th century**
The Renaissance was a period of great intellectual and artistic flourishing, which also saw significant advancements in technology. Notable inventions from this era included the printing press, the telescope, and the microscope.

**Industrial Revolution – 18th to 19th century**
The Industrial Revolution ushered in an era of mechanization and mass production. This led to the development of new technologies, such as:
* **The steam engine:** This powered factories and transportation.
* **The telegraph:** This allowed for rapid communication over long distances.
* **The telephone:** This revolutionized communication even further.

**Information Age – 20th to 21st century**
The Information Age has been characterized by the rapid development of computers, the internet, and digital technologies. This has led to a transformation of society in many ways, including:
* **The rise of the internet:** This has connected people around the world and provided access to information and communication.
* **The development of social media:** This has revolutionized communication and social interaction.
* **The emergence of artificial intelligence:** This is having a profound impact on many industries.

The evolution of technology continues to accelerate, and it is difficult to predict what the future holds. However, one thing is certain: technology will continue to shape our world in ways we can only begin to imagine."
[{2023-12-18 retrieved} https://bard.google.com/chat/93a2280ba3fb0836]

name::
* McsEngl.evoluting-of-tech,
* McsEngl.tech'evoluting,

{2019-12-23}::
=== McsHitp-creation:
· creation of current concept.

revolution of tech

description::
">technological revolution:
The term "technological revolution" refers to a dramatic change brought about by the introduction and implementation of new technologies and innovations. These revolutions often fundamentally transform societies, economies, and cultures. Throughout history, several such revolutions have occurred, each marked by the advent of groundbreaking technologies. Key examples include:
1. **The Agricultural Revolution (around 10,000 BCE):** This was one of the first major technological revolutions, where humans transitioned from nomadic hunting and gathering to settled agriculture. The development of farming tools and techniques led to the rise of permanent settlements and the beginnings of civilization.
2. **The Industrial Revolution (18th to 19th centuries):** Beginning in Great Britain and spreading worldwide, this revolution was marked by a shift from manual labor and artisanal crafts to mechanized production. Innovations such as the steam engine, power looms, and improved iron production methods radically altered manufacturing, transportation, and even social structures.
3. **The Second Industrial Revolution (late 19th to early 20th centuries):** Sometimes referred to as the Technological Revolution, this period saw major technological advances like electricity, telephony, and the internal combustion engine. These led to new forms of transportation (cars, airplanes), communication (telegraph, telephone), and the rise of mass production.
4. **The Digital Revolution (late 20th century to present):** This current revolution is characterized by the shift from analog electronic and mechanical devices to digital technology. The advent of personal computers, the Internet, mobile technology, and the proliferation of digital data has dramatically changed how people work, communicate, and live.
Each of these revolutions has had profound impacts, often disrupting existing social and economic systems, but also paving the way for significant advancements in human well-being and capabilities. They have led to increased productivity, enhanced connectivity, and new forms of entertainment and leisure, but also challenges such as environmental degradation, social displacement, and ethical dilemmas. The pace of technological change continues to accelerate, suggesting that we may be on the cusp of new technological revolutions in fields like artificial intelligence, biotechnology, and renewable energy."
[{2024-01-27 retrieved} https://chat.openai.com/c/199c3dfe-2325-4c12-a71b-481630fce7b9]

name::
* McsEngl.revolution.tech,
* McsEngl.tech'revolution,
* McsEngl.technological-revolution,

first-industrial-revolution of tech

description::
· 1784: Steam, water, mechanical production equipment
[{2020-10-14} https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/01/how-can-we-embrace-the-opportunities-of-the-fourth-industrial-revolution]

name::
* McsEngl.I1!⇒IR1,
* McsEngl.IR1!=first-industrial-revolution,
* McsEngl.first-industrial-revolution!⇒IR1,
* McsEngl.industrial-revolution!⇒IR1,
* McsEngl.tech'att006-first-industrial-revolution!⇒IR1,
* McsEngl.tech'first-industrial-revolution!⇒IR1,

second-industrial-revolution of tech

description::
· 1870: Division of labour, electricity, mass production
[{2020-10-14} https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/01/how-can-we-embrace-the-opportunities-of-the-fourth-industrial-revolution]

name::
* McsEngl.I2!⇒IR2,
* McsEngl.IR2!=industrial-revolution.second,
* McsEngl.industrial-revolution.second!⇒IR2,
* McsEngl.second-industrial-revolution!⇒IR2,
* McsEngl.tech'att007-second-industrial-revolution!⇒IR2,
* McsEngl.tech'second-industrial-revolution!⇒IR2,
* McsEngl.technological-revolution!⇒IR2,

third-industrial-revolution of tech

description::
· 1969: The computer, electronics and the internet
[{2020-10-14} https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/01/how-can-we-embrace-the-opportunities-of-the-fourth-industrial-revolution]
===
"The Digital Revolution, also known as the Third Industrial Revolution, is the shift from mechanical and analogue electronic technologies from the Industrial Revolution towards digital electronics which began in the latter half of the 20th century, with the adoption and proliferation of digital computers and digital record-keeping, that continues to the present day.[1] Implicitly, the term also refers to the sweeping changes brought about by digital computing and communication technologies during this period. From analogies to the Agricultural Revolution (Neolithic) and the First Industrial Revolution (1760–1840), the Digital Revolution marked the beginning of the Information Age.[2]
Central to this revolution is the mass production and widespread use of digital logic, MOSFETs (MOS transistors), integrated circuit (IC) chips, and their derived technologies, including computers, microprocessors, digital cellular phones, and the Internet.[3] These technological innovations have transformed traditional production and business techniques.[4]
Since 2015, a Fourth Industrial Revolution has been proposed to follow the Third Industrial Revolution.[5]"
[{2024-01-24 retrieved} https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Revolution]

name::
* McsEngl.I3!⇒IR3,
* McsEngl.IR3!=third-industrial-revolution,
* McsEngl.digital-revolution!⇒IR3,
* McsEngl.industrial-revolution.third!⇒IR3,
* McsEngl.third-industrial-revolution!⇒IR3,
* McsEngl.tech'att008-third-industrial-revolution!⇒IR3,
* McsEngl.tech'third-industrial-revolution!⇒IR3,

forth-industrial-revolution of tech

description::
"Since 2015, a Fourth Industrial Revolution has been proposed to follow the Third Industrial Revolution.[5]
[5] Philbeck, Thomas; Davis, Nicholas (2018). "The Fourth Industrial Revolution". Journal of International Affairs. 72 (1): 17–22. ISSN 0022-197X. JSTOR 26588339."
[{2024-01-24 retrieved} https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Revolution]
===
"Previous industrial revolutions liberated humankind from animal power, made mass production possible and brought digital capabilities to billions of people. This Fourth Industrial Revolution is, however, fundamentally different. It is characterized by a range of new technologies that are fusing the physical, digital and biological worlds, impacting all disciplines, economies and industries, and even challenging ideas about what it means to be human."
[{2020-10-14} https://www.weforum.org/pages/the-fourth-industrial-revolution-by-klaus-schwab]
===
"Of the myriad challenges the world faces today, perhaps the most overwhelming is how to shape the Fourth Industrial Revolution that began at the turn of the century. New technologies and approaches are merging the physical, digital, and biological worlds in ways that will fundamentally transform humankind. The extent to which that transformation is positive will depend on how we navigate the risks and opportunities that arise along the way."
[{2020-10-14} https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/01/how-can-we-embrace-the-opportunities-of-the-fourth-industrial-revolution]

name::
* McsEngl.4IR!⇒IR4,
* McsEngl.I4!⇒IR4,
* McsEngl.I4.0!⇒IR4,
* McsEngl.IR4!=forth-industrial-revolution,
* McsEngl.Industry-4.0!⇒IR4,
* McsEngl.forth-industrial-revolution!⇒IR4,
* McsEngl.forth-industrial-revolution!⇒IR4,
* McsEngl.industrial-revolution.forth!⇒IR4,
* McsEngl.tech'att009-forth-industrial-revolution!⇒IR4,
* McsEngl.tech'forth-industrial-revolution!⇒IR4,

fifth-industrial-revolution of tech

description::
">5th vs 4th industrial-revolution:
The 5th and 4th Industrial Revolutions represent two distinct eras of technological and industrial development.
The 4th Industrial Revolution, which began in the 21st century, is characterized by the fusion of technologies that blur the lines between the physical, digital, and biological spheres. Key technologies include artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, the Internet of Things (IoT), autonomous vehicles, 3D printing, nanotechnology, biotechnology, materials science, energy storage, and quantum computing. The focus is on the integration of digital technologies into everyday life and the widespread use of internet-connected devices and big data.
The 5th Industrial Revolution, still emerging, builds upon the 4th but shifts the focus towards the human experience, emphasizing the coexistence of advanced technology and human-centric approaches. It prioritizes sustainable development, environmental conservation, and the ethical implications of technology. Technologies associated with the 5th Industrial Revolution include advancements in AI and robotics that are more harmoniously integrated with human needs and values, as well as breakthroughs in green technologies and sustainable practices. The goal is to create a more inclusive, human-centered technological landscape that benefits society as a whole, while addressing the challenges of previous industrial revolutions, such as economic disparity and environmental degradation.
In summary, while the 4th Industrial Revolution focuses on digital and technological advancements, the 5th Industrial Revolution emphasizes the integration of these technologies in a way that is beneficial, sustainable, and centered around human values and needs."
[{2024-01-08 retrieved} https://chat.openai.com/c/7cca01e1-5fa7-4b21-8b63-3c2459d217f9]

">fifth industrial-revolution:
The Fifth Industrial Revolution (5IR), also known as the Cognitive Age or Industry 5.0, is a concept that has been gaining traction in recent years. It is seen as the next major phase of technological advancement, building on the foundations of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), which brought about the widespread adoption of automation, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things (IoT).
**Key Characteristics of the 5IR**
The 5IR is characterized by several key features that distinguish it from previous industrial revolutions:
* **Harmonizing human and machine intelligence:** The 5IR focuses on creating a seamless integration between human intelligence and artificial intelligence, enabling humans and machines to work together in a complementary and mutually beneficial manner.
* **Sustainability and environmental consciousness:** The 5IR emphasizes the importance of sustainability and environmental responsibility, seeking to develop technologies that are both efficient and environmentally friendly.
* **Circular economy:** The 5IR promotes a circular economy approach, where resources are used more efficiently and waste is minimized, leading to a more sustainable and regenerative system.
* **Bionic augmentation and Internet of Bodies (IoB):** The 5IR envisions the integration of technology into the human body, enabling individuals to enhance their capabilities and improve their health.
* **Cognitive augmentation:** The 5IR also explores the potential of cognitive augmentation, where individuals can enhance their cognitive abilities through the use of technology.
**Potential Impacts of the 5IR**
The 5IR is expected to have a profound impact on various aspects of society, including:
* **Workplace:** The 5IR will lead to significant changes in the workplace, with the automation of many tasks and the emergence of new roles requiring a combination of human and machine skills.
* **Education:** The 5IR will require a shift in education, emphasizing the development of critical thinking, adaptability, collaboration, and creativity, as opposed to rote memorization and traditional skill sets.
* **Healthcare:** The 5IR will transform healthcare, enabling personalized medicine, remote monitoring of patients, and the development of new treatments and diagnostics.
* **Urban development:** The 5IR will impact urban planning and infrastructure, with smart cities emerging that leverage technology to improve efficiency, sustainability, and quality of life.
* **Social interactions:** The 5IR will also alter social interactions, with the rise of virtual reality, augmented reality, and online communities.
**Ethical Considerations and Governance**
As the 5IR unfolds, it is crucial to address ethical concerns and develop appropriate governance frameworks to ensure that the benefits are widely shared and that potential risks are minimized. This includes addressing issues such as job displacement, privacy and data protection, algorithmic bias, and the potential for social inequality.
**Conclusion**
The 5IR is a complex and transformative phenomenon that holds the potential to reshape society in profound ways. While it presents immense opportunities for innovation and progress, it also raises significant challenges that need to be carefully considered and addressed. As we navigate this new era, it is essential to foster responsible and ethical development of technologies, ensuring that the 5IR serves to enhance human well-being and sustainability for all."
[{2024-01-09 retrieved} https://bard.google.com/chat/f23efb4022cfdefe]

name::
* McsEngl.5IR!⇒IR5,
* McsEngl.I5!⇒IR5,
* McsEngl.IR5!=fith-industrial-revolution,
* McsEngl.Industry-5.0!⇒IR5,
* McsEngl.cognitive-age!⇒IR5,
* McsEngl.fith-industrial-revolution!⇒IR5,
* McsEngl.industrial-revolution.fith!⇒IR5,
* McsEngl.tech'att012-fith-industrial-revolution!⇒IR5,
* McsEngl.tech'fith-industrial-revolution!⇒IR5,

tech.human-001

description::
· human-tech is tech created by humans.

name::
* McsEngl.human-tech!⇒techHumn,
* McsEngl.socWorld'att003-technology!⇒techHumn,
* McsEngl.socWorld'technology!⇒techHumn,
* McsEngl.tchHmn!⇒techHumn,
* McsEngl.tech.001-human!⇒techHumn,
* McsEngl.tech.human!⇒techHumn,

techHumn.SPECIFIC

description::
* info-tech,

name::
* McsEngl.techHumn.specific,

techHumn.society

description::
· the-tech of one human-society.
· the-level of technology of a-society is of the-most importatnt factor in its evolution.

">technology of a society:
The technology of a society is the collection of tools, techniques, and knowledge that people use to meet their needs and solve problems. It includes everything from simple tools like hammers and axes to complex machines like computers and spacecraft. Technology is constantly evolving, as people develop new ways of doing things.
The level of technology in a society can have a profound impact on its quality of life. For example, societies with advanced technologies tend to have better healthcare, education, and transportation systems. They are also more likely to be prosperous and stable.
Here are some of the ways that technology can impact society:
* **Communication:** Technology has revolutionized the way we communicate with each other. Today, we can communicate with people all over the world in real time using a variety of devices, such as phones, computers, and tablets. This has made it easier to stay in touch with loved ones, collaborate with colleagues, and learn about new cultures.
* **Transportation:** Technology has also transformed transportation. Cars, trains, airplanes, and ships have made it possible to travel long distances quickly and easily. This has opened up new opportunities for trade, travel, and cultural exchange.
* **Healthcare:** Technology has had a major impact on healthcare. New medical technologies have led to the development of new drugs, treatments, and diagnostic tools. This has improved the quality of life for millions of people.
* **Education:** Technology is also changing the way we educate our children. Today, students can use computers, tablets, and other devices to access a wealth of information and learning resources. This is making education more personalized and engaging.
Of course, technology also has its downsides. For example, some people worry that technology is leading to social isolation and a decline in critical thinking skills. Others are concerned about the potential for misuse of technology, such as in cyberwarfare or mass surveillance.
It is important to be aware of both the positive and negative impacts of technology. By using technology wisely, we can create a better future for ourselves and for generations to come."
[{2024-03-06 retrieved} https://gemini.google.com/app/338a9649785fc9a4]

name::
* McsEngl.Socecon'technology!⇒techSoct,
* McsEngl.society'technology!⇒techSoct,
* McsEngl.society'att010-technology!⇒techSoct,
* McsEngl.society'technology!⇒techSoct,
* McsEngl.techHumn.society!⇒techSoct,
* McsEngl.techSoct!=technology-of-a-society,
* McsEngl.technology-of-a-society!⇒techSoct,

tech.tool-003

description::
· tool is a-material that an-organism uses to perform an-action.
===
"Machine is a constructed-object that can do some work.
An object we use to do work, we call tool."
[hmnSngo.{2010-01-09}]

name::
* McsEngl.tech.003-tool!⇒techTool,
* McsEngl.tech.tool!⇒techTool,
* McsEngl.techTool,
* McsEngl.tool!⇒techTool,
====== langoGreek:
* McsElln.εργαλείο!το!=techTool,
====== langoTurkish:
* McsTurk.alet!=techTool,

relation-to-machine of techTool

description::
· an-actor uses the-tool to perform an-action\a\.
· a-machine performs the-action\a\.

name::
* McsEngl.machine'relation-to-tool,
* McsEngl.techTool'att001-relation-to-machine,
* McsEngl.techTool'relation-to-machine,

techTool.animal-001

description::
"Tool use by animals is a phenomenon in which an animal uses any kind of tool in order to achieve a goal such as acquiring food and water, grooming, defense, recreation or construction. Originally thought to be a skill possessed only by humans, some tool use requires a sophisticated level of cognition. There is considerable discussion about the definition of what constitutes a tool and therefore which behaviours can be considered true examples of tool use. A wide range of animals, including mammals, birds, fish, cephalopods, and insects, are considered to use tools."
[{2020-09-25} https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tool_use_by_animals]

name::
* McsEngl.animal-tool!⇒toolAnimal,
* McsEngl.techTool.001-animal!⇒toolAnimal,
* McsEngl.techTool.animal!⇒toolAnimal,
* McsEngl.toolAnimal,

techTool.fork-004

description::
"an implement with two or more prongs used for lifting food to the mouth or holding it when cutting."
[{2022-11-09 retrieved} Google-dict]

name::
* McsEngl.fork!⇒toolFork,
* McsEngl.techTool.004-fork!⇒toolFork,
* McsEngl.techTool.fork!⇒toolFork,
* McsEngl.toolFork,
====== langoGreek:
* McsElln.πιρούνι!το!=toolFork,
====== langoTurkish:
* McsTurk.çatal!=toolFork,

techTool.knife-002

description::
"an instrument composed of a blade fixed into a handle, used for cutting or as a weapon."
[{2022-11-09 retrieved} Google-dict]

name::
* McsEngl.knife!⇒toolKnife,
* McsEngl.knives!~plural!⇒toolKnife,
* McsEngl.techTool.002-knife!⇒toolKnife,
* McsEngl.techTool.knife!⇒toolKnife,
* McsEngl.toolKnife,
====== langoChinese:
* McsZhon.dāo-刀!=toolKnife,
* McsZhon.刀-dāo!=toolKnife,
====== langoGreek:
* McsElln.μαχαίρι!το!=toolKnife,
====== langoTurkish:
* McsTurk.bıçak!=toolKnife,

techTool.pen-003

description::
"an instrument for writing or drawing with ink, typically consisting of a metal nib or ball, or a nylon tip, fitted into a metal or plastic holder."
[{2022-11-09 retrieved} Google-dict]

name::
* McsEngl.pen!⇒toolPen,
* McsEngl.techTool.003-pen!⇒toolPen,
* McsEngl.techTool.pen!⇒toolPen,
* McsEngl.toolPen,
====== langoChinese:
* McsZhon.gāngbǐ-钢笔!=toolPen,
* McsZhon.钢笔-gāngbǐ!=toolPen,
====== langoGreek:
* McsElln.στυλό!το!=toolPen,
====== langoTurkish:
* McsTurk.kalem!=toolPen,
* McsTurk.tükenmez-kalem!=toolPen,

techTool.pencil-006

description::
"an instrument for writing or drawing, consisting of a thin stick of graphite or a similar substance enclosed in a long thin piece of wood or fixed in a cylindrical case."
[{2022-11-09 retrieved} Google dict]

name::
* McsEngl.pencil!⇒toolPencil,
* McsEngl.techTool.006-pencil!⇒toolPencil,
* McsEngl.techTool.pencil-006!⇒toolPencil,
* McsEngl.toolPencil,
====== langoGreek:
* McsElln.μολύβι!το!=toolPencil,
====== langoTurkish:
* McsTurk.kalem!=toolPencil,

techTool.spoon-005

description::
"A **spoon** is a utensil consisting of a small, shallow bowl at the end of a handle. It is used for eating, stirring, serving, or measuring food and liquids.
As a **verb**, "to spoon" means:
1. **Literally**: To scoop up or transfer something using a spoon.
2. **Informally**: To cuddle closely with another person while lying down, typically in a position where both individuals are on their sides facing the same direction, resembling the way spoons nest together."
[{2024-11-30 retrieved} https://chatgpt.com/c/674b1533-e150-8003-bcba-e1ddc42d2e74]

name::
* McsEngl.spoon!⇒toolSpoon,
* McsEngl.techTool.005-spoon!⇒toolSpoon,
* McsEngl.techTool.spoon!⇒toolSpoon,
* McsEngl.toolSpoon,
====== langoChinese:
* McsZhon.sháozi-勺子!=toolSpoon,
* McsZhon.勺子-sháozi!=toolSpoon,
====== langoGreek:
* McsElln.κουτάλι!το!=toolSpoon,
====== langoTurkish:
* McsTurk.kaşık!=toolSpoon,

techTool.chopstick-007

description::
× creation: {2024-11-30},

"**Chopsticks** are a pair of slender, often tapered sticks traditionally used as eating utensils in many East Asian cultures, including Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese cuisines. They are typically made of wood, bamboo, metal, or plastic and are used in one hand to pick up and eat food by pinching or holding pieces between the sticks.
Chopsticks require skill and practice to use effectively, as they involve coordinated finger movements. They are a versatile tool for eating solid foods like rice, noodles, and various side dishes."
[{2024-11-30 retrieved} https://chatgpt.com/c/674b1533-e150-8003-bcba-e1ddc42d2e74?model=gpt-4o]

name::
* McsEngl.techTool.007-chopstick!⇒toolChopstick,
* McsEngl.techTool.chopstick!⇒toolChopstick,
* McsEngl.toolChopstick,
====== langoChinese:
* McsZhon.kuàizǐ-筷子!=toolChopstick,
* McsZhon.筷子-kuàizǐ!=toolChopstick,

tech.automation-005

description::
"Automation is the technology by which a process or procedure is performed with minimal human assistance.[1] Automation[2] or automatic control is the use of various control systems for operating equipment such as machinery, processes in factories, boilers and heat treating ovens, switching on telephone networks, steering and stabilization of ships, aircraft and other applications and vehicles with minimal or reduced human intervention."
[{2020-09-25} https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automation]

name::
* McsEngl.automated-technology!⇒techAutomation,
* McsEngl.automation!⇒techAutomation,
* McsEngl.tech.005-automation!⇒techAutomation,
* McsEngl.tech.automation!⇒techAutomation,
* McsEngl.techAutomation!=automation-technology,
====== langoGreek:
* McsElln.αυτοματοποίηση!=techAutomation,

relation-to-autonomous of techAutomation

description::
">automation vs autonomous tech:
"Automation" and "Autonomous Technology" are often used interchangeably, but they refer to distinct concepts within the realm of technology and engineering. Understanding the difference between them is important in grasping the full scope of contemporary technological advancements.

### Automation
1. **Definition:**
- Automation involves using control systems, machinery, or software to independently perform tasks that were traditionally done by humans. It's designed to follow pre-set instructions or a fixed program.
2. **Characteristics:**
- **Programmed Responses:** Automated systems respond to specific conditions or inputs with predetermined actions.
- **Consistency and Efficiency:** They are ideal for repetitive, well-defined tasks, offering consistency and efficiency.
- **Human Oversight:** While they operate independently, automated systems usually require human setup, programming, and occasional intervention.
3. **Examples:**
- **Manufacturing Robots:** Assemble products on an assembly line.
- **Thermostats:** Maintain a set temperature.
- **Automated Teller Machines (ATMs):** Provide banking services.

### Autonomous Technology
1. **Definition:**
- Autonomous technology refers to systems or devices that have the ability to make decisions and perform tasks without human intervention, based on AI and machine learning. They can adapt to new scenarios and make decisions in real-time.
2. **Characteristics:**
- **Decision-Making:** Capable of making independent decisions based on data inputs, context, and learning.
- **Adaptability:** They can adapt to changing environments or situations that were not explicitly programmed.
- **Learning and Evolution:** Often utilizes machine learning to evolve its responses over time.
3. **Examples:**
- **Self-Driving Cars:** Navigate roads, adapt to traffic conditions, and make driving decisions.
- **AI Personal Assistants:** Learn user preferences and make recommendations or decisions based on data.

### Key Differences
- **Flexibility and Adaptation:** Autonomous systems are generally more flexible and adaptive than automated systems. They can handle a wider range of tasks and make decisions in unpredictable environments.
- **Complexity of Tasks:** Automation is well-suited for repetitive, simple tasks, while autonomous technology shines in complex, dynamic environments requiring decision-making.
- **Learning Ability:** Autonomous systems can learn and improve over time, whereas automated systems typically perform the same action in the same way, unless reprogrammed.
In summary, while both automation and autonomous technology reduce the need for human intervention, autonomous systems are characterized by their ability to learn, adapt, and make decisions, setting them apart from traditional automated systems."
[{2023-12-28 retrieved} https://chat.openai.com/c/dd08cca2-7521-4d6c-802a-e9ffc591f217]

name::
* McsEngl.automated-vs-autonomous,
* McsEngl.automation-vs-autonomous,
* McsEngl.autonomous-vs-automation,
* McsEngl.techAutomation'relation-to-autonomous,

evaluation of techAutomation

benefit of techAutomation

description::
"advantages of tech-automation
Tech automation, which involves using technology and software to perform tasks and processes without human intervention, offers a wide range of advantages across various sectors and industries. Some of the key advantages of tech automation include:
* Increased Efficiency and Productivity: Automation eliminates the need for manual, repetitive tasks, allowing employees to focus on more value-added activities. This leads to increased productivity as machines can work faster and more consistently than humans.
* Cost Savings: While there might be an initial investment in setting up automation systems, over time, they tend to be more cost-effective. Automation reduces labor costs associated with repetitive tasks and lowers the chances of errors that could lead to costly rework.
* Consistency and Accuracy: Automated systems can perform tasks with a high level of consistency and accuracy. They don't experience fatigue or distractions, resulting in fewer errors compared to human-operated processes.
* 24/7 Operations: Automation enables round-the-clock operations without the need for human intervention. This is particularly beneficial for tasks that require continuous monitoring or responses, such as data processing and customer support.
* Faster Task Execution: Automated systems can complete tasks at a much faster pace than humans, which is especially valuable for tasks that require quick responses or processing of large amounts of data.
* Improved Quality: Automation can lead to improved product and service quality by reducing the risk of human errors and variations. This is particularly important in industries where precision is crucial, such as manufacturing and healthcare.
* Scalability: Automated processes can be easily scaled up or down to accommodate changes in demand. This flexibility is essential for businesses that experience fluctuations in workload.
* Data Analysis and Insights: Automation can handle complex data analysis tasks in a fraction of the time it would take a human. This allows organizations to derive valuable insights and make data-driven decisions more quickly.
* Enhanced Safety: In environments that are hazardous for humans, automation can be used to perform tasks that would otherwise put workers at risk. For example, robots can be used in situations involving chemicals, extreme temperatures, or confined spaces.
* Customer Satisfaction: Automation can improve customer service by providing quick and consistent responses to inquiries, order processing, and issue resolution. This can lead to higher customer satisfaction levels.
* Innovation and Focus: As routine tasks are automated, employees have more time to focus on creative and strategic aspects of their work, fostering innovation within the organization.
* Reduced Workload and Stress: By automating repetitive and mundane tasks, employees' workloads are reduced, leading to decreased stress levels and improved job satisfaction.
* Adaptation to Modern Trends: In a rapidly evolving technological landscape, automation allows businesses to stay competitive by adapting to modern trends and staying up-to-date with the latest tools and practices.
However, it's important to note that while automation offers numerous benefits, there can also be challenges, such as initial implementation costs, job displacement concerns, and the need for ongoing maintenance and updates. Striking the right balance between human and automated tasks is essential for maximizing the advantages of tech automation."
[{2023-08-25 retrieved} https://chat.openai.com/?model=text-davinci-002-render-sha]

name::
* McsEngl.techAutomation'benefit,

benefitNo of techAutomation

description::
"disadvantages of tech-automation
Tech automation has many advantages, but it also comes with some disadvantages. Some of the main disadvantages of tech automation include:
* Job displacement and unemployment: Tech automation can lead to job displacement, as machines and robots are able to perform tasks that were previously done by humans. This can lead to unemployment, especially in low-skilled and repetitive jobs.
* Initial implementation costs: Tech automation can be expensive to implement, as it requires the purchase of new equipment and software. This can be a barrier for small businesses and organizations.
* Technical challenges and limitations: Tech automation can be challenging to implement and maintain, as it requires a high level of technical expertise. There are also limitations to what can be automated, as some tasks require human judgment and creativity.
* Reduced human interaction and customer experience: Tech automation can lead to reduced human interaction, which can negatively impact customer experience in certain industries. For example, automated customer service systems may not be able to provide the same level of personalized service as a human agent.
* Dependency on technology and loss of human skills: Tech automation can lead to dependency on technology, as businesses and organizations become reliant on automated systems. This can make them vulnerable to disruptions, such as power outages or cyberattacks. It can also lead to the loss of human skills, as people become less accustomed to doing tasks manually.
* Environmental impact: Tech automation can have a negative impact on the environment, as it requires the use of energy and resources. For example, automated factories may consume more energy than traditional factories.
Overall, tech automation is a powerful tool that can have a positive impact on businesses and organizations. However, it is important to be aware of the potential disadvantages of tech automation before implementing it.
Here are some ways to mitigate the disadvantages of tech automation:
* Retrain workers: Businesses and organizations can retrain workers who are displaced by tech automation for new jobs that require different skills.
* Invest in education: Governments can invest in education and training programs to help people develop the skills they need to succeed in the automated economy.
* Design for human-machine collaboration: Tech automation systems can be designed to work in collaboration with humans, rather than replacing them completely. This can help to preserve jobs and create new ones.
* Promote ethical use of tech automation: Businesses and organizations should promote the ethical use of tech automation, such as by ensuring that it is used in a way that respects human rights and values.
By taking these steps, we can ensure that tech automation is used to benefit society, rather than harm it."

name::
* McsEngl.techAutomation'benefitNo,

evoluting of techAutomation

description::
">timeline of automation:
The timeline of automation represents a fascinating journey through history, showcasing how human ingenuity has continuously sought to create machines and systems to handle tasks, both simple and complex. Here's an overview of this journey:
1. **Ancient Times and Early Civilizations**:
- **3000-2000 BC**: Water clocks in Egypt and Babylon.
- **Around 762 BC**: The concept of the automated servant in Greek mythology, such as Talos, a giant automaton made of bronze.
2. **Middle Ages**:
- **12th Century**: The earliest known programmable machine, the mechanical knight designed by Al-Jazari, an Arab inventor.
3. **Renaissance**:
- **15th Century**: Leonardo da Vinci sketches designs for several automated machines, including a mechanical knight (robot).

4. **Industrial Revolution (18th to 19th Century)**:
- **1738**: Jacques de Vaucanson creates the first fully automated loom.
- **1785**: The power loom, further automating the weaving process.
- **1801**: Joseph Marie Jacquard develops the Jacquard loom, using punched cards to control a sequence of operations - an early step towards computer programming.
5. **Early 20th Century**:
- **1901-1950**: Development of automated machines for manufacturing, including assembly lines, especially in automotive industries (Ford).
6. **Mid-20th Century**:
- **1940s-1950s**: The emergence of digital computers.
- **1951**: The first commercially available digital computer, UNIVAC I.
- **1959**: The first programmable logic controller (PLC) by Modicon, which revolutionized automation in industries.
7. **Late 20th Century**:
- **1970s-1980s**: Expansion of computer technology in offices and industries.
- **1980s-1990s**: The rise of personal computers and the Internet, leading to new levels of automation in various sectors, including service industries.
8. **21st Century**:
- **Early 2000s**: Advancements in robotics, AI, and machine learning, leading to automation in complex tasks like driving, customer service, and data analysis.
- **2010s-Present**: Increased integration of AI and machine learning in everyday applications, further automating tasks in industries like healthcare, finance, and transportation.
- **Recent Developments**: The rise of the Internet of Things (IoT), big data, and more sophisticated AI models, leading to predictions of a new era of automation in various sectors.
This timeline shows the gradual shift from mechanical automation in the industrial era to digital and AI-driven automation in the modern era, greatly impacting productivity, employment, and the nature of work across the globe."
[{2024-01-27 retrieved} https://chat.openai.com/c/856c8859-8d4d-4408-833c-739a5f66d4ed/dirTch/McsTch000002.last.html#idTchatt006]

name::
* McsEngl.evoluting-of-techAutomation,
* McsEngl.techAutomation'evoluting,

tech.satellite-006

description::
"In the context of spaceflight, a satellite is an object that has been intentionally placed into orbit. These objects are called artificial satellites to distinguish them from natural satellites such as Earth's Moon.
On 4 October 1957 the Soviet Union launched the world's first artificial satellite, Sputnik 1. Since then, about 8,900 satellites from more than 40 countries have been launched. According to a 2018 estimate, some 5,000 remain in orbit. Of those about 1,900 were operational, while the rest have lived out their useful lives and become space debris. Approximately 63% of operational satellites are in low Earth orbit, 6% are in medium-Earth orbit (at 20,000 km), 29% are in geostationary orbit (at 36,000 km) and the remaining 2% are in elliptic orbit. In terms of countries with the most satellites the USA significantly leads the way with 859 satellites, China is second with 250, and Russia third with 146. These are then followed by India (118), Japan (72) and the UK (52).[1] A few large space stations have been launched in parts and assembled in orbit. Over a dozen space probes have been placed into orbit around other bodies and become artificial satellites of the Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, a few asteroids,[2] a comet and the Sun.
Satellites are used for many purposes. Among several other applications, they can be used to make star maps and maps of planetary surfaces, and also take pictures of planets they are launched into. Common types include military and civilian Earth observation satellites, communications satellites, navigation satellites, weather satellites, and space telescopes. Space stations and human spacecraft in orbit are also satellites.
Satellites can operate by themselves or as part of a larger system, a satellite formation or satellite constellation.
Satellite orbits vary greatly, depending on the purpose of the satellite, and are classified in a number of ways. Well-known (overlapping) classes include low Earth orbit, polar orbit, and geostationary orbit.
A launch vehicle is a rocket that places a satellite into orbit. Usually, it lifts off from a launch pad on land. Some are launched at sea from a submarine or a mobile maritime platform, or aboard a plane (see air launch to orbit).
Satellites are usually semi-independent computer-controlled systems. Satellite subsystems attend many tasks, such as power generation, thermal control, telemetry, attitude control, scientific instrumentation, communication, etc."
[{2020-10-31} https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite]

name::
* McsEngl.artificial-satellite!⇒techSatellite,
* McsEngl.satellite!⇒techSatellite,
* McsEngl.tech.006-satellite!⇒techSatellite,
* McsEngl.tech.satellite!⇒techSatellite,
* McsEngl.techSatellite,
====== langoGreek:
* McsElln.δορυφόρος!ο!=techSatellite,
====== langoTurkish:
* McsTurk.uydu!=techSatellite,

GNSS of techSatellite

description::
"GNSS stands for Global Navigation Satellite System. It is a network of satellites that provide positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) services to users on or near Earth. GNSS is used in a wide range of applications, including:
* **Navigation:** GNSS is used to determine the position of vehicles, ships, and aircraft, as well as for personal navigation devices.
* **Surveying:** GNSS is used to accurately measure the location of points on Earth's surface.
* **Timing:** GNSS provides precise timing signals that are used in many applications, such as telecommunications and financial markets.
* **Other applications:** GNSS is also used in agriculture, mining, emergency response, and many other fields.
There are several different GNSS systems in operation, including:
* **GPS:** The Global Positioning System is operated by the United States.
* **GLONASS:** The Global'naya Navigatsionnaya Sputnikovaya Sistema is operated by Russia.
* **Galileo:** Galileo is operated by the European Union.
* **BeiDou:** BeiDou is operated by China.
These systems all operate on similar principles, but they use different satellites and signals. Most GNSS receivers are capable of using signals from multiple systems, which improves the accuracy and reliability of the positioning service.
GNSS is a valuable tool that provides a wide range of benefits to users around the world. It is an essential part of modern life, and its importance is only expected to grow in the future."
[{2024-08-07 retrieved} https://gemini.google.com/app/38359206c34dfb09]

name::
* McsEngl.Global-Navigation-Satellite-System,
* McsEngl.GNSS!=Global-Navigation-Satellite-System,
* McsEngl.tech.GNSS,

GNSS.BeiDou

description::
"### Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) Overview

#### Introduction
The Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) is China's global navigation satellite system (GNSS). Named after the Chinese term for the Big Dipper constellation, the system provides global positioning, navigation, and timing services similar to the United States' GPS, Russia's GLONASS, and the European Union's Galileo.

#### Development Phases
BDS has been developed in three main phases:
1. **Beidou-1 (BDS-1)**: This initial phase, also known as the experimental phase, consisted of three satellites providing limited regional coverage. It was completed in 2003.
2. **Beidou-2 (BDS-2)**: This phase, completed in 2012, expanded coverage to the Asia-Pacific region. It included 14 satellites (5 in geostationary orbit and 9 in medium Earth orbit).
3. **Beidou-3 (BDS-3)**: The final phase aims to provide global coverage. Completed in 2020, BDS-3 includes 35 satellites (27 in medium Earth orbit, 5 in geostationary orbit, and 3 in inclined geosynchronous orbit).

#### Key Features and Capabilities
- **Global Coverage**: BDS provides global coverage for positioning, navigation, and timing.
- **Dual Frequency Signals**: Unlike some other GNSS systems, BDS transmits signals on multiple frequencies, enhancing accuracy and reliability.
- **Interoperability**: BDS is designed to be interoperable with other GNSS systems like GPS, GLONASS, and Galileo.
- **High Accuracy**: BDS offers positioning accuracy of 10 meters globally and 5 meters in the Asia-Pacific region, with potential enhancements to sub-meter accuracy through ground augmentation.
- **Short Message Communication**: BDS provides unique short message communication services, allowing for text messages of up to 120 Chinese characters to be sent.

#### Applications
- **Civilian Uses**: Navigation for smartphones, vehicles, and other consumer devices; agricultural monitoring; disaster relief and emergency response.
- **Military Uses**: Enhanced capabilities for the Chinese military, including secure and reliable navigation and timing.
- **Commercial Uses**: Fleet management, logistics, precision agriculture, and infrastructure monitoring.

#### Strategic Importance
- **National Security**: Reduces China's reliance on foreign GNSS systems like GPS, enhancing national security and sovereignty.
- **Economic Benefits**: Promotes innovation and development in satellite technology and related industries.
- **Geopolitical Influence**: Positions China as a leader in space technology and GNSS, offering an alternative to GPS for international users.

#### Future Prospects
- **Technological Upgrades**: Continuous improvements in satellite technology, signal processing, and ground infrastructure.
- **Expansion of Services**: Potential expansion into new services and applications, such as enhanced precision and IoT integration.
- **International Collaboration**: Increasing partnerships and interoperability agreements with other countries and GNSS systems.

### Conclusion
The Beidou Navigation Satellite System represents a significant technological achievement for China, providing comprehensive and reliable navigation services globally. It plays a crucial role in national security, economic development, and China's strategic positioning in space technology."
[{2024-08-07 retrieved} https://chatgpt.com/c/911bc79d-6b11-4f1c-9e7d-77e1ed235c5e]

name::
* McsEngl.BDS!=BeiDou,
* McsEngl.BeiDou,
* McsEngl.GNSS.BeiDou,

info-resource of techSatellite

description::
* https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/10/visualizing-easrth-satellites-sapce-spacex,
* https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/04/get-ready-for-the-nanosatellite-revolution,
* https://www.wisegeek.com/how-many-satellites-are-launched-each-year.htm,

name::
* McsEngl.techSatellite'Infrsc,

Science	Technology
A systematic study of the natural world	The application of scientific knowledge to solve problems and improve our lives
Deals with the fundamental laws of nature	Uses scientific knowledge to create new products and services
Theoretical in nature	Practical in nature
Concerned with understanding how things work	Concerned with making things work
[{2023-08-22 retrieved} https://bard.google.com/]

overview of tech

evaluation of tech

material of tech

power of tech

actor of tech

relation-to-science of tech

sociology-of-technology

info-resource of tech

structure of tech

DOING of tech

application-process of tech

engineering of tech