overview of Earth
description::
"Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbor life. About 29% of Earth's surface is land consisting of continents and islands. The remaining 71% is covered with water, mostly by oceans but also lakes, rivers and other fresh water, which together constitute the hydrosphere. Much of Earth's polar regions are covered in ice, including the Antarctic ice sheet and the sea ice of the Arctic ice pack. Earth's outer layer is divided into several rigid tectonic plates that migrate across the surface over many millions of years. Earth's interior remains active with a solid iron inner core, a liquid outer core that generates Earth's magnetic field, and a convecting mantle that drives plate tectonics.
According to radiometric dating estimation and other evidence, Earth formed over 4.5 billion years ago. Within the first billion years of Earth's history, life appeared in the oceans and began to affect Earth's atmosphere and surface, leading to the proliferation of anaerobic and, later, aerobic organisms. Some geological evidence indicates that life may have arisen as early as 4.1 billion years ago. Since then, the combination of Earth's distance from the Sun, physical properties and geological history have allowed life to evolve and thrive. In the history of life on Earth, biodiversity has gone through long periods of expansion, occasionally punctuated by mass extinctions. Over 99% of all species that ever lived on Earth are extinct. Almost 8 billion humans live on Earth and depend on its biosphere and natural resources for their survival. Humans increasingly impact Earth's hydrology, atmospheric processes and other life.
Earth's atmosphere consists mostly of nitrogen and oxygen. Tropical regions receive more energy from the Sun than polar regions, which is redistributed by atmospheric and ocean circulation. Greenhouse gases also play an important role in regulating the surface temperature. A region's climate is not only determined by latitude, but also by its proximity to moderating oceans and height among other factors. Extreme weather, such as tropical cyclones and heat waves, occurs in most areas and has a large impact on life.
Earth's gravity interacts with other objects in space, especially the Sun and the Moon, which is Earth's only natural satellite. Earth orbits around the Sun in about 365.25 days. Earth's axis of rotation is tilted with respect to its orbital plane, producing seasons on Earth. The gravitational interaction between Earth and the Moon causes tides, stabilizes Earth's orientation on its axis, and gradually slows its rotation. Earth is the densest planet in the Solar System and the largest and most massive of the four rocky planets."
[{2020-11-02} https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth]
name::
* McsEngl.filMcsErth.last.html!⇒Earth,
* McsEngl.dirNtr/filMcsErth.last.html!⇒Earth,
* McsEngl.Earth,
* McsEngl.Earth//Nature!⇒Earth,
* McsEngl.Earth:planet!⇒Earth,
* McsEngl.Nature/Earth!⇒Earth,
* McsEngl.Earth'(planet-Earth)!⇒Earth,
* McsEngl.planet.Earth!⇒Earth,
* McsEngl.our-planet!⇒Earth,
====== langoGreek:
* McsElln.Γη!=Earth,
International-society (link) of Earth
ecosystem of Earth
description::
"An ecosystem is a community of living organisms in conjunction with the nonliving components of their environment, interacting as a system.[2] These biotic and abiotic components are linked together through nutrient cycles and energy flows.[3] Energy enters the system through photosynthesis and is incorporated into plant tissue. By feeding on plants and on one another, animals play an important role in the movement of matter and energy through the system. They also influence the quantity of plant and microbial biomass present. By breaking down dead organic matter, decomposers release carbon back to the atmosphere and facilitate nutrient cycling by converting nutrients stored in dead biomass back to a form that can be readily used by plants and other microbes.[4]
Ecosystems are controlled by external and internal factors. External factors such as climate, parent material which forms the soil and topography, control the overall structure of an ecosystem but are not themselves influenced by the ecosystem.[5] Unlike external factors, internal factors are controlled, for example, decomposition, root competition, shading, disturbance, succession, and the types of species present.
Ecosystems are dynamic entities—they are subject to periodic disturbances and are in the process of recovering from some past disturbance.[6] Ecosystems in similar environments that are located in different parts of the world can end up doing things very differently simply because they have different pools of species present.[5] Internal factors not only control ecosystem processes but are also controlled by them and are often subject to feedback loops.[5]
Resource inputs are generally controlled by external processes like climate and parent material. Resource availability within the ecosystem is controlled by internal factors like decomposition, root competition or shading.[5] Although humans operate within ecosystems, their cumulative effects are large enough to influence external factors like climate.[5]
Biodiversity affects ecosystem functioning, as do the processes of disturbance and succession. Ecosystems provide a variety of goods and services upon which people depend."
[{2020-11-12} https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecosystem]
name::
* McsEngl.Earth'att002-ecosystem!⇒ecosystem,
* McsEngl.Earth'ecosystem!⇒ecosystem,
* McsEngl.ecosystem,
* McsEngl.ecosystem'(Earth-ecosystem)!⇒ecosystem,
* McsEngl.environment-of-Earth!⇒ecosystem,
* McsEngl.our-ecosystem!⇒ecosystem,
* McsEngl.society'att022-ecosystem!⇒ecosystem,
* McsEngl.society'ecosystem!⇒ecosystem,
health of ecosystem
description::
· the-state of well-being or bad-being of the-ecosystem.
name::
* McsEngl.ecosystem'health,
disorder of ecosystem
description::
* pollution of soil, water, air,
* desertification,
* species preservation,
* energy management,
* resource efficiency,
name::
* McsEngl.ecosystem'disorder,
Infrsc of Earth
name::
* McsEngl.Earth'Infrsc,
addressWpg::
*
structure of Earth
name::
* McsEngl.Earth'structure,
description::
*
DOING of Earth
name::
* McsEngl.Earth'doing,
description::
*
evoluting of Earth
name::
* McsEngl.Earth'evoluting,
{2020-11-02}::
=== McsHitp-creation:
· creation of current concept.
{BpK3x4.5}-Earth-formation::
"According to radiometric dating estimation and other evidence, Earth formed over 4.5 billion years ago."
[{2020-11-02} https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth]
* McsEngl.{BpK3x4.5}-Earth-formation,
* McsEngl.{iK3.BpK3x005}-Earth-formation,
WHOLE-PART-TREE of Earth
name::
* McsEngl.Earth'whole-part-tree,
whole-tree-of-Earth::
*
* ... Sympan.
part-tree-of-Earth::
*
GENERIC-SPECIFIC-TREE of Earth
name::
* McsEngl.Earth'generic-specific-tree,
generic-tree-of-Earth::
* ,
* ... entity.
specific-tree-of-Earth::
* ,
